Retort-oven for producing gas and coke.



H. KOPPERS.

RBTORT OVEN PoR PRODUCING GAS AND COKE.

APPLICATION FILED TEB.17, 1911.

1,026,1 69, Patented May14,191,2.

,4 w i 1 i Y af! d l I i i y i s 1 l e I l1-le im' d w I' f r/f Il] /z jy 's uf/M UNITED STATES PALIENT OFFICE.

HEINRICH KOPPERS, OF ESSEN-EUHR, GERMANY.

RETORT-OVEN FOR PRODUCING GAS AND COKE.

To all 'whom t may concern Be it known that I, HEINRICH KoPrEns, a citizen of the German Empire,`and resident -of 30 Isenbergstrasse, lEssen-Ruhr, Germany, have invented new and useful I mprovements in Retort-Ovens for Producmg Gas and Coke, of which the following 1s a specification.

In the working oflarge chambered ovens or retorts for producing gas and coke, that is to say of retorts which have in the main been evolved from the modern coke oven, the iuctuations of the market and industrial conditions make it desirable that the plant should be capable of being used alternatively as a gas retort and as a coke oven. Inasmuch as ovens with regenerators are mainl in question, the -alternative use involves di ferent conditions in regard to the preliminary heatin of the heating gases, according to whet er part of the distillation gas itself, or special generator gas, is to be used for heating the'oven. In the one case it is not practicableto preliminarily heat the distillation gases owing to the ready decomposition of the same, while with the enerator gas of inferior value it is not on y possible but necessary to pre-heat.

The present invention provides a simple solution of the problem involved by the change in the working, and is characterized by the heating walls of the chambers, i. e. the several heatin iues, being provided with means for direct admittance of gas from a special channel and also with means connecting each to two regenerators. For one of the two'alternative modes of operation, the regenerators are used solely for' preliminary heating of the air for combustion, while the gas channel-conducts the excess of gas from the ovens and in some cases hot generator gas as well. For the second mode of operation, with working z'. e. preliminary' heating of generator as admitted cold, the s ecial gas channel is isconnected, and one o the regenerators connected with each heating wall or Hue is used as an air heater and the other as a gas heater. A type of oven well suited for this arrangement is that described in my prior specification of Letters Patent No. 818.033, of April 17, 1906 in whichY the regenerators are arranged beneath the battery of ovens, d1- rectly parallel with the heating walls. The construction of the regenerators lthemselves is substantially the same in Figure 3 of saidr Specification of Letters Patent.

Application led February 17, 1911.

Patented May 14, 1912. Serial No. 609,261.

'prior specification, the heating walls being alternately connected to the gas and air heaters on the right and left.

The present invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein Fig. 1 is a cross lsection of Ia battery of ovens, and Fig. 2 a longitudinal section of one of the heating walls and chambers.

The heating walls b arranged between the coking chambers a are connected by the passages g with the regenerators. e and f, which are arranged in series in the path of the 'gas currents and are separated by the arch c and wall d; the heating walls also communicate by passages t' with the similarly arranged regenerators 1 and s. Each heating flue b also communicates by anozzle i with a gas distributing passage h formed in the brick-Work, said distributing passage being connected by a pipe Z to one of the gas mains It'. -The regenerators r and s are connected by pipes p with the separate gas conduits 0. The regenerators s and f are connected tothe discharge conduits u by conduits controlled by valves w and the regenerators e and 1 are similarly connected to the discharge conduits 0. All the regenerators also have closable connections com-v municating with the atmosphere or with passages running along the battery.

The manner of using the apparatus is as fol1ows:-If the excess of gas, which is of a nature not enabling it to be heated, is to be used for heating the oven, the conduit o is completely closed and the regenerators of one half of the oven are" alternately connected with the discharge conduits u. and v by opening the valves w and closing the valves the regenerators on the other side are connected to the atmosphere by closing the valves w and openingthe valves :rj: On the same side heatlng gas is admitted'irom the gas main k to the passages h, and is burned in the flues b of one half of the oven, and descends the heating ues of the other half, whence it passes through the regenerators arranged parallel with"the"`said heating lues, into the discharge conduit. The draft may be reversed in ,about half an hour by means of the `asual' reversal o'f .regenerators r and s from the atmosphere.

While the regenerators e and f are worked as above described, theregenerators r and s. are used for pre-heating the gases admitted through the conduits o, by alternate connection tothe said conduits o. In. this case also the draft is reversed after the usual period of about half an hour, so that a normal recovery of heat with preliminary heating of gas and air is attained. y

In erecting a plant primarily for one of the two operations' referred to, it may yet be desirable' to adopt the arrangement according to the present. invention, with a view to future developments, but it may be convenient :for purposes of economy to omit the conduits 7c and o and the corresponding Valves as these parts can easily be built `in afterward if required. The oven is rendered available for both methods of working by fitting the gas distributing channel 'h and the described arrangement -of regenerators.

There may be more than two regenerators for connection to each flue.

What I claim is Y l. In a retort oven for producing gas and coke, a pair of coking chambers, an intermediate heating Hue, two palrs of regenerators communicating with said flue, and means for 'jointly utilizing the regenerators of bothA pairs for preheating theair of combustion, combined with means for separately utilizing the regenerators of each pair for respectively preheating the gas and the air of lcombustion. p 1 p l2. In a retort oven for producing gas and coke, a pair of coking chambers, an intermediate heating flue, means adapted'to admit the gas of a fu'st supply into said fine, two pairs of regenerators communicating with said fiues, and reversible' means for admitting the air of combustion to both regenerator-pairs, combined with reversible means adapted to admit gas of a second supply to one regenerator-pair, and with reversible means adapted to admit the air 'of combustion to the other regenerator-pair.

HEINRICH KOPPERS.

ALFRED HENKEL. 

